When designing a barndominium, the roof is one of the most critical structural and aesthetic elements. A well-engineered roof ensures safety, supports insulation and ventilation, and contributes significantly to the home’s overall style. At the heart of every strong roof is its truss system—the framework that transfers loads from the roof down into the walls and foundation.
For barndominiums, where open spaces and tall ceilings are common, roof truss design becomes even more important. The right truss configuration can maximize usable space, reduce construction costs, and create striking architectural features. In this article, we’ll explore the different types of roof truss designs available for barndominiums, along with the key considerations you should keep in mind before choosing one.
What Is a Roof Truss?
A roof truss is a triangular framework, typically made of wood or steel, that supports the weight of the roof while distributing loads evenly to the supporting walls. Unlike traditional rafters, trusses are pre-engineered and prefabricated, which means they can span greater distances with fewer interior supports.
For barndominiums—often large, open structures—the truss is what makes it possible to have vaulted ceilings, wide open floor plans, and flexible layouts.
Why Roof Truss Design Matters in Barndominiums
- Structural Integrity
Trusses bear heavy loads: roofing material, insulation, snow, and wind. A poorly designed truss can lead to sagging or even collapse. - Open Floor Plans
Many barndominium owners want wide, unobstructed living spaces. The right truss type allows for long spans without interior support walls. - Energy Efficiency
Proper truss design can improve insulation placement and ventilation, making the barndominium more energy-efficient. - Aesthetics
Exposed trusses are often left visible for a rustic or modern industrial look. Choosing the right style enhances the barndominium’s character. - Cost Efficiency
Prefabricated trusses are often cheaper and quicker to install compared to cutting rafters on site. But complexity, materials, and spans affect costs.
Common Roof Truss Design Options for Barndominiums
- King Post Truss
The simplest and most affordable truss design, featuring a central vertical post with two angled rafters.
- Best For: Small spans, simple barndominiums, rustic designs.
- Advantages: Low cost, easy to build, traditional look.
- Considerations: Not suitable for wide spans; typically used in smaller rooms or porches.
- Queen Post Truss
Similar to the king post but with two vertical posts and a horizontal beam, allowing for wider spans.
- Best For: Medium spans, loft spaces, or areas needing a bit more room.
- Advantages: Stronger than king post, allows for a flat tie beam that doubles as loft support.
- Considerations: May obstruct open ceiling designs.
- Howe Truss
A very popular choice in barndominiums, characterized by diagonal webbing that directs loads efficiently.
- Best For: Long spans and large, open barndominiums.
- Advantages: Excellent load distribution, affordable in wood construction, widely available.
- Considerations: Exposed webbing may not fit modern/minimalist designs.
- Pratt Truss
Uses diagonal members that slope toward the center, often used in steel construction.
- Best For: Modern barndominiums with metal structures.
- Advantages: Strong under both compression and tension, minimalistic look when exposed.
- Considerations: Slightly more costly than Howe truss when using steel.
- Scissor Truss
A favorite for vaulted ceilings, where the bottom chord is angled upward to create cathedral-style ceilings.
- Best For: Living rooms, great rooms, and barndos with dramatic ceilings.
- Advantages: Adds spaciousness and height; visually striking.
- Considerations: More expensive than flat trusses; requires more insulation planning.
- Fink Truss
A common residential roof truss shaped like a “W” inside the frame.
- Best For: Standard barndominiums with moderate spans.
- Advantages: Economical, versatile, and efficient load distribution.
- Considerations: Doesn’t allow for vaulted ceilings; webbing can limit attic or loft space.
- Attic Truss
Designed with extra space inside the truss for an attic or loft.
- Best For: Barndominiums with loft bedrooms, storage, or office spaces.
- Advantages: Maximizes usable space, combines structure and functionality.
- Considerations: Higher cost due to additional lumber/steel.
- Parallel Chord Truss (Flat Truss)
Top and bottom chords run parallel, often used in flat or low-slope roofs.
- Best For: Modern, boxy barndominiums or energy-efficient green designs.
- Advantages: Supports flat roof styles, allows easy installation of HVAC systems.
- Considerations: Requires excellent drainage; less common in rustic designs.
Key Considerations When Choosing a Truss Design
- Span and Load Requirements
- Wide-span barndominiums (40–60 feet) need heavy-duty trusses such as Howe or Pratt.
- Snow load, wind load, and roofing material all influence the engineering requirements.
- Material Choice: Wood vs. Steel
- Wood Trusses: More affordable, easier to modify on-site, natural aesthetic.
- Steel Trusses: Stronger for long spans, fire-resistant, lower maintenance.
- Hybrid Systems: Combine both for strength and cost savings.
- Aesthetics
- Exposed wood trusses create warmth and rustic charm.
- Steel trusses suit industrial or modern barndominiums.
- Scissor or king post trusses highlight vaulted ceilings beautifully.
- Insulation & Ventilation
Some trusses make it easier to add insulation and ventilation. For example, scissor trusses require special planning to maintain R-values in vaulted spaces.
- Cost Factors
- Prefabricated wood trusses are generally the most affordable.
- Custom steel or scissor trusses increase costs but add style and strength.
- Shipping and installation costs must also be factored in.
- Future Flexibility
If you plan to expand or add a loft later, choosing an attic truss or queen post truss upfront saves hassle.
Cost Breakdown: What to Expect
- Standard Wood Trusses: $60–$250 each, depending on size.
- Steel Trusses: $200–$500 each.
- Custom Scissor/Attic Trusses: $300–$600+.
Installation adds labor costs, typically $4–$8 per square foot, depending on complexity.
Expert Tips for Barndominium Truss Design
- Consult a Structural Engineer – Prefabricated trusses are engineered, but customization for your location (snow/wind loads) requires professional oversight.
- Plan Around Open Spaces – If you want an uninterrupted great room, avoid designs that require load-bearing interior walls.
- Think Ahead for Utilities – HVAC ducts, wiring, and plumbing sometimes need extra truss clearance.
- Consider Exposed Trusses as Design Features – Instead of hiding them, use them as a focal point.
- Don’t Sacrifice Function for Style – A scissor truss looks amazing, but it must be properly insulated to avoid condensation problems.
Final Thoughts
Your barndominium roof truss design is more than just a structural choice—it’s a decision that impacts the look, function, and comfort of your home for decades to come. From the simple king post to dramatic scissor trusses, each option offers unique advantages.
The best approach is to weigh span requirements, aesthetics, budget, and future plans, then work with a designer or engineer to finalize the perfect solution. A thoughtfully chosen truss system will not only keep your barndominium strong and safe but also elevate its beauty and functionality.